Exploring Australia’s Incredible Biodiversity with CIEE

By: Nova Berger

Australia is renowned for its remarkable and unique biodiversity, making it one of the most ecologically distinct places on Earth. The country’s isolation from other continents for millions of years has fostered the evolution of species found nowhere else in the world.

A key feature of Australia’s biodiversity is its extraordinary range of endemic species. Around 80% of the country’s plants, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians are found only in Australia. The iconic kangaroo and koala, symbols of the country’s wildlife, are just a small part of this rich ecosystem. Australia is home to over 60 species of kangaroos and wallabies, which have adapted to various landscapes, from the dry deserts to lush rainforests.

The country’s birdlife is equally fascinating, with over 800 species recorded. The vibrant, colorful parrots, including the rainbow lorikeet, and the bizarre, flightless emu are just a few examples of Australia’s avian diversity. In coastal areas, seabirds like the black-browed albatross can be seen gliding above the waves.

Australia’s marine biodiversity is also exceptional. The Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef system, teems with life, providing a habitat for thousands of fish species, sea turtles, and marine mammals. Coral gardens, sponges, and a wide variety of mollusks flourish in these warm, tropical waters. Did you know that the Great Barrier Reef is so large it can be seen from space?

Additionally, Australia’s unique flora is dominated by ancient lineages like the iconic eucalyptus trees, which thrive in diverse habitats across the continent. From the dense rainforests in the north to the sparse outback, these plants have adapted to some of the harshest climates. In fact, some of these plants have evolved remarkable ways to conserve water in one of the driest continents on Earth.

Australia’s biodiversity is a global treasure, not only for its beauty but also for the critical role it plays in maintaining ecological balance. However, this rich natural heritage is increasingly under threat from habitat destruction, climate change, and invasive species, making conservation efforts more urgent than ever. 

I got the unique opportunity to experience biodiversity through CIEE and I learned so much about what makes me happy in the process. I look forward to a lifetime of prioritizing being outside as well as a deep love of the beauty of flora and fauna. 

EXPLORE AUSTRALIA